Child marriage fosters poverty, however, as it ensures that girls who marry young will not be properly educated or take part in the workforce. It increases the risk for depression, sexually transmitted infection, cervical cancer, malaria, obstetric fistulas, and maternal mortality. Causes and effects of child marriage in nigeria research cyber. May 17, 2017 child marriage denies the most basic rights like right to education, health and safety to the girls who are subjected to it. Young girls who become child brides experience negative psychological effects as a result.
Maternal child marriage was also associated with malnutrition indicators for children under 5 years. The study had the general objective of identifying. High population raises the poverty level of the family. They may lack the resources to educate their daughters and their society may not offer incentives to protect girls from child marriage. Each day, 25,000 girls are married and an anticipated 100 million girls. The analyses in this study are based on a broader body of work in which a number of aspects of child marriage were explored 11, 12. Amato, the consequences of divorce for adults and children, journal of marriage.
In certain cultures, marrying a girl young presumes that the girls sexuality, therefore the girls familys honor, will be protected by ensuring that the girl. In certain cultures, marrying a girl young presumes that the girls sexuality, therefore the girls. Original article differential effects of young maternal. Health consequences of child marriage in africa volume.
The facts on child marriage international womens health. Ending child marriage and meeting the needs of married. Research synthesis the effects of divorce on children. Below are few of the ways in which child marriage affects the girl child. Child marriage, on the other hand, involves either one or both spouses being children.
Samanga a ward in honde valley, the issue of early girlchild marriage has reached an alarming level and the effects are just serious such that there is need to intervene in order to rescue the girlchild from further abuse as a. The effects of early marriage among young adults essay cram. We are in the 21 st century when the entire world is developing with each passing second. Child marriage devastating consequences unchained at last. State department has called marriage before 18 a human rights abuse that produces devastating repercussions for a girls life, effectively ending her childhood. Focus shall be put on child marriage in general exemplified in particular by two countries in. Early marriage and forced marriage is most common in subsaharan africa where 38% of girls become child brides. Dec 17, 2019 p ositive and negative effects of marriage vary d epending on whether you are happily married or unhappily married. Methods data this study uses dhs data from 18 lmics. Because of the forfeited education, poverty and increased stress resulting from child marriage, women in the u.
Rates are 17% in the middle east and north africa, and 11% in eastern europe and central asia. Invest in whats working child, early and forced marriage has significant negative impacts on the futures of children, particularly girls. Some as young as 8 or 9 are forced to trade their childhoods for a life that can be defined by isolation, violence and illness. The causes, consequences and solutions to forced child marriage. Child marriage is a substantial barrier to social and economic development in india, and a primary concern for womens health. If the present trend continues, 100 million girls will marry over the next decade. Hindrance to the educational aspect of the girl child. There is an intricate connection between marriage and health. Having obtained a bachelors degree or higher is most common among mothers in intact marriages. The younger a girl is, the more children she can give birth to. Forced child marriage is a lifechanging reality for many of the worlds girls. Child marriage is a human rights violation that we must end to achieve a better future for all. For a nation which is touted to be the next emerging superpower nation, it is a disturbing reality that evils like child marriages still persist. Background the steady upward trend in the labor force activity of mar.
Child marriage is associated with higher rates of sexually transmitted infections. Pdf effects of child marriage on girls education and. The study had the general objective of identifying the causes and consequences of divorce after child. A large part of the impact of child marriage on total fertility comes from the fact that women marrying earlier tend to have children earlier. The benefits of marriage for education are also seen in parents and childrens level of education. Girl child marriage remains widespread in india despite implementation of several policies and programmes to eliminate the practice. Causes and effects of child marriage in nigeria research. People who wed young also face domestic violence and other types of abuse within a marriage, according to childinfo. Jan 08, 2019 early child marriage in nigeria child marriage customs, a situation whereby children are given into marriage well before they attain puberty occur all over the world particularly in africa, asia, and south america. The devastating impact of child marriage on girls around the.
Jun 29, 2017 a similar conclusion is reached when modelling the relationship between child marriage and educational attainment econometrically. This study examines the effects of girls educational attainment and household poverty on the prevalence of female child marriage at the districtlevel in india. Data are from the cps outgoing rotation group cpsorg samples for selected years from 1984 through 2004. A perspective article pdf available in international journal of scientific and engineering research 77. How useful are the demographic surveys in explaining the determinants of early marriage of girls in the. It is mostly in south asia, africa, and latin america. Child marriages in india the red elephant foundation december 20 e 4 introduction child marriage refers to the marriage of a child younger than 18 years old,1 in accordance to article 1 of the convention on the right of the child. The digest provides guidelines towards ending the practice of child marriage through changing attitudes within families and societies, expanding opportunities for education, offering appropriate support to.
Families in poverty usually feel they have no alternative to child marriage. It also provides for annulment of a child marriage and gives a separated female the right to maintenance and residence from her husband if he is above 18 or inlaws if he is a minor until she is remarried. Child marriage is driven by poverty and has many effects on girls health. Dowry the money the brides family pays to the groom is a big factor in child marriage. Child marriage when an individual is married before the age of 18 impacts 15 million girls each year, or 41,000 girls every day in lowerincome countries. Until more is known about their situation there can be no reliable estimates of the scale of their predicament, or of the social damage that is carried forward. P ositive and negative effects of marriage vary d epending on whether you are happily married or unhappily married numerous studies have been conducted along these lines, and the scientific findings of the effects of marriage on health have been very revealing and surprising in some instances. In developing countries, the problem of early marriage is followed by higher productivity. Positive and negative effects of marriage on your health. Numerous studies have been conducted along these lines, and the scientific findings of the effects of marriage on health have been very revealing and surprising in some instances. Effects of marriage on childrens education marripedia. Some of the causes of early marriage in nigeria include conflict, poverty, religion, and tradition. The impact of early marriage taking action the need for research in conclusion links references innocenti digest no.
Although child marriage affects all girls, those with less education, living in rural areas, and in the lower wealth quintiles are more susceptible than those with higher education, living in urban areas, and in the higher wealth quintiles. The object of this research is to look into under what circumstances child marriage does exist and how girls living conditions can be improved. They are deprived of their fundamental rights to health, education and safety. The the causes, consequences and solutions to causes, consequences and solutions tocauses, consequences and solutions to forced forced forced child marriage child marriage child marriage in the developing worldin the developing world testimony submitted to u. However, the literature reveals gaps in the empirical evidence on the link between child marriage and the dropout of girls from school. However, supply side issues such as poor access to school, low quality of educational provision, and poor skilled employment prospects, as well as effect of child marriage on girls school dropout in nepal.
Economic impacts of child marriage world bank documents. Child marriage essay introduction causes impact imp days. This study identifies the tipping point school grades in nepal when the risk of dropout due to marriage is highest, measures the effect of child. A similar conclusion is reached when modelling the relationship between child marriage and educational attainment econometrically. Child marriage effectively ends a girls childhood, curtails her education, minimizes her economic opportunities, increases her risk of domestic violence, and puts her at risk for early, frequent, and very highrisk pregnancies. Child marriage deprives girls of educational opportunities. Health consequences of child marriage in africa volume 12. The causes, consequences and solutions to forced child. Child marriage denies the most basic rights like right to education, health and safety to the girls who are subjected to it. See effects of divorce on childrens education and effects of family structure on childrens education. Too young, mentally and physically to become a mother, early motherhood puts the health of the mother and child in danger. House of representatives human rights commissions human rights commission. Effects of education and poverty on the prevalence of girl. Child marriage often occurs in the shadows of poverty and gender inequality, impeding efforts to empower girls and boys and achieve longterm, sustainable development.
Boys are also affected by child marriage but the issue impacts girls in far larger numbers and with more intensity. Children raised in intact married families tend to earn higher grades than those in nonintact families. Our findings indicate that the causes of child marriage in nigeria include economic, sociocultural and religious factors. A large part of the impact of child marriage on total fertility comes from the fact that women marrying earlier also tend to have children earlier. A qualitative study on the causes and consequences of. It is both a symptom and a cause of ongoing development challenges, as the practice of child marriage further contributes to. It has a serious negative impact on the life of the child. Child marriage is one such effect of the darker side of the society. Early child marriage in nigeria child marriage customs, a situation whereby children are given into marriage well before they attain puberty occur all over the world particularly in africa, asia, and south america. Child spouses in 2001, exploring both the reasons behind the perpetuation of child marriage and its harmful impact.
Child spouses this digest focuses on early marriage the marriage of children and young people under the age of 18 from a human rights perspective. Pdf the incidence of child marriage is not only in nepal but also in the world. Health consequences of child marriage in africa ncbi. Child marriage, defined as marriage of a child under 18 years of age, is a silent and yet widespread practice.
In this article, we explore the causes and effects of child early marriage in nigeria. Isolated and with limited freedom, married girls often feel disempowered. Effects of early girl child marriage young girls may endure misery as a result of early marriage and he number of those who would seek help, if they though it existed, is possible to calculate. Among girls growing up in south asia, 30% experience early marriage, compared with 25% in latin america and the caribbean. The sparse evidence from low and middleincome countries suggests a negative association between child marriage and mental health outcomes. One thing is clear, the impact or effect of early girl child marriage is under ranging. Young adults may endure misery as a result of early marriage. People worry that the older a girl is, the more they will have to pay, so they marry girls early. Children of women married as minors were significantly more likely to have stunting or 1. School dropout and child marriage are interrelated outcomes that have an enormous impact on adolescent girls.
Child brides face huge challenges because they are married as children. In many cases, a mixture of these causes results in the imprisonment of children in marriages without their consent. A qualitative study on the causes and consequences of divorce. Many laws throughout the world have banned child marriage and the sexual exploitation of children. In other words, 1 in 3 girls in lowerincome countries will be married before the age of 18. Child marriage in india according to a united nations report, india has the second highest number of child marriages. Early motherhood is one of the most adverse effects of child marriage and often leads to the death of the young mother during child birth. Marriages that are bound by love are satisfying, but allowing a child to marry early has consequences. Effect of child marriage on girls school dropout in nepal. This harmful practice can expose girls to violence, unintended pregnancy and unsafe abortion, denying them their basic rights to childhood, with damaging impact on their. Also, in some tribal communities, it is a tradition to have many children. Prevalence of child marriage and its effect on fertility.
Girls offspring are at increased risk for premature birth and death as neonates, infants, or children. Child marriage is an end of the girl childs childhood. Prohibition of child marriage act, 2006 the act includes punitive measures against those who perform, permit and promote child marriage. Effect of child marriage on girls school dropout in nepal plos. Associations between maternal child marriage and being. A human rights violation, child marriage directly impacts girls education, health, psychologic wellbeing, and the health of their offspring. Pdf although convention on the rights of child declared that any marriage of an under 18 child will be considered as child marriage, the. Dec 24, 2016 child marriage in india according to a united nations report, india has the second highest number of child marriages. Introduction child marriage refers to any marriage of a child younger than eighteen years old, in accordance to article 1 of the convention of the right of the child. The analysis also looks more carefully at race and ageofchild effects.
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